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DOI: 10.15862/05SATS118 (https://doi.org/10.15862/05SATS118)

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Ovchinnikov I.I., Maystrenko I.Y., Ovchinnikov I.G., Uspanov A.M. [Failures and collapses of bridge constructions, analysis of their causes. Part 4.] Russian Journal of Transport Engineering, 2018, Vol. 5, No. 1. Available at: https://t-s.today/PDF/05SATS118.pdf (in Russian). DOI: 10.15862/05SATS118

Failures and collapses of bridge constructions, analysis of their causes. Part 4.

Ovchinnikov Ilya Igorevich
Yuri Gagarin state technical university of Saratov, Saratov, Russia
E-mail: bridgeart@mail.ru

Maystrenko Igor Yurievich
Kazan state university of architecture and engineering, Kazan, Russia
E-mail: igor_maystr@mail.ru

Ovchinnikov Igor Georgievich
Perm national research polytechnic university, Perm, Russia
Yuri Gagarin state technical university of Saratov, Saratov, Russia
National research nuclear university «MEPhI»
Balakovo institute of engineering and technology (branch), Russia
E-mail: bridgesar@mail.ru

Uspanov Amergaley Marzagaleevich
Yuri Gagarin state technical university of Saratov, Saratov, Russia
E-mail: u.a.-91@mail.ru

Abstract. The article notes that the analysis of accidents and destruction of bridge structures should contribute to the accumulation of both positive and negative experience of specialists in the designing, construction and operation of bridge structures, as well as provide very valuable material for scientific research and generalizations. Carrying out a thorough investigation and analysis to identify the real causes of emergency situations and the destruction of bridge structures will further clarify both the regulatory and design loads on bridge structures, and more clearly identify other external factors that affect bridge structures in order to create construct and analyze more correct calculation models of bridge structures, the development of more advanced methods for calculating structures. Modern technological achievements have allowed a person to design and build more complex and grandiose bridge structures than before, which, ironically, seem even more vulnerable than old bridges, some of which are still in operation today. Bridges are destroyed because of unexpected or unusual circumstances, and the importance of such failures should be taken seriously. The ability of a bridge structure to withstand such circumstances is called structural stability. This characteristic should be taken into account in the designing and construction of bridge structures. Further in the work the examples of accidents and destruction of bridges that are left in the database with the elements of their analysis are considered.

In conclusion, it is pointed out that during the analysis, examples of crashes of bridge structures were combined into the following groups: caused by underestimation of wind load and aerodynamic instability; caused by loss of stability of elements; because of mistakes in the technology of construction and installation and repair work; caused by overloading of supporting structures. The result is the resonance or fatigue of the material; The damage caused by the degradation of the material and the adverse effects of the operating environment; due to insufficient reliability and connectivity disorders; due to non-compliance with the established dimensions of the goods carried and impacts of the mobile load; due to lack of technical supervision; due to the appearance of additional efforts and deformations due to geological, hydrological, landslide and seismic phenomena; due to the pile of ships on the piers of bridges; due to the effects on the bridge construction of extreme (force-majeure) loads; caused by errors in the calculations, the use of poor-quality material.

Keywords: bridge; transport constructions; failure; bridge collapse; bridge structures collapse; maintenance safety; examples of bridges failures; progressive bridges collapse

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