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DOI: 10.15862/12TS417 (https://doi.org/10.15862/12TS417)

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Gorbacheva I.A., Ovchinnikov I.I., Ovchinnikov I.G. [Analysis of applicability of bridge aesthetics postulates to the problem of bridge designing] Russian Journal of Transport Engineering, 2017, Vol. 4, No. 4. Available at: https://t-s.today/PDF/12TS417.pdf (in Russian). DOI: 10.15862/12TS417

Analysis of applicability of bridge aesthetics postulates to the problem of bridge designing

Gorbacheva Irina Anatolievna
Yuri Gagarin state technical university of Saratov, Russia, Saratov
E-mail: i.gorbacheva@mt.krasnodar.ru

Ovchinnikov Ilya Igorevich
Yuri Gagarin state technical university of Saratov, Russia, Saratov
E-mail: bridgeart@mail.ru

Ovchinnikov Igor Georgievich
Perm national research polytechnic university, Russia, Perm
Yuri Gagarin state technical university of Saratov, Russia, Saratov
National research nuclear university «MEPhI»
Balakovo institute of engineering and technology (branch), Russia, Balakovo
E-mail: bridgesar@mail.ru

Abstract. The problem of an estimation of aesthetic qualities of bridge constructions is considered. It is noted that little attention is paid to this task in Russia, while there are many publications abroad on this subject. Three postulates are analyzed, which are supposed to be «unshakable» and are used in the design of bridges taking into account aesthetic requirements. These are postulates: the shape of the bridge follows its function, the consumer is always right and the architects will do it better. It is shown that these postulates are not always legitimate and new, more effective approaches to the design of bridges are needed, based on the provisions of bridge aesthetics, which still need to be developed.

Further, the features of the aesthetic design of small and medium-sized bridges (with spans of up to 100 meters in length) are considered, the most frequently encountered objections to the application of the aesthetic approach in the design of beam bridges are analyzed. We consider such basic criteria for the aesthetic appearance of the bridge as simplicity, good proportions with an emphasis on the fineness of the elements, a clear demonstration of how the structure works under the influence of the load, the correspondence of the structure to its surroundings.

Then, the stages of designing bridges are described and analyzed taking into account the aesthetic requirements.
Phase one (understanding the purpose of creating a bridge, taking into account its location) includes such steps: 1) understanding of the goal; 2) accounting for the location of the bridge structure; 3) taking into account the influence of the surrounding of the bridge; 4) taking into account the wishes of the residents of the area where the bridge is located; 5) accounting for the requirements of the investor (owner) of the bridge.

Phase two (the pre-project stage related to the systematization of all requirements for a bridge structure) includes the compilation of a list of all factors that should be taken into account when designing a bridge project, arranged by rank and agreeing this list with interested people and organizations.

Stage three (development of the conceptual design of the bridge) includes steps: 1) variant design on which it is recommended to use the Zwicky morphological box; 2) comparison and selection of the most effective options; 3) additional evaluation of selected options using modern computer technologies; 4) evaluation of perspective variants of the bridge in terms of cost, manufacturability, maintainability; 5) detailed design of the bridge structure with the expectation of expected loads and other external influences.

Keywords: bridges; aesthetics of bridges; architecture of bridges; form of construction; function of construction; principles of designing bridges; expert system for assessing the aesthetics of bridges; conceptual design; variant design; morphological box

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